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991.
Anna M. de Haan Albert E. Boon Robert R. J. M. Vermeiren Machteld Hoeve Joop T. V. M. de Jong 《Child & youth care forum》2015,44(1):1-16
Background
Dropout from child and adolescent psychotherapy is a common phenomenon which can have negative consequences for the individual later in life. It is therefore important to gain insight on dropout risk factors.Objective
Several potential risk factors [ethnic minority status, a lower socioeconomic status (SES), and higher problem severity] were analyzed in present study. Innovations are that these risk factors were examined for children and adolescents separately, and a distinction was made in termination status between referred patients, dropouts and completers.Methods
For ethnic majority and minority outpatient children (age 5–11, n = 399) and adolescents (age 12–20, n = 352) problem severity, ethnic background, SES, and treatment termination status (completer, dropout, referral) were specified. Multinomial logistic regression models were used as main method of analysis.Results
For children, a Moroccan/Turkish ethnicity and higher externalizing scores were risk factors for being referred. For adolescents, a Surinamese/Antillean ethnicity, being female, being older, and lower parental SES occupation levels were risk factors for dropout.Conclusions
Different dropout risk profiles emerged for children versus adolescents, and for dropouts versus referrals. Also, it depended on the specific ethnic background whether ethnic minority status was a predictor for dropout, and the relationship between SES and termination status differed by whether parental SES occupation or parental SES education were used as SES indicator. Professionals should thus be aware of these potential risk factors for dropout or referral when treating children and adolescents.992.
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In the Netherlands, cannabis use is quasi‐legalized. Small quantities of cannabis can be bought in cannabis shops. We investigate how the distance to the nearest cannabis shop affects the age of onset of cannabis use. We use a mixed proportional hazard rate framework to take account of observable as well as unobservable characteristics that influence the uptake of cannabis. We find that distance matters. Individuals who grow up within 20km of a cannabis shop have a lower age of onset. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Stephanie M. Lim Aaron C. Brault Geert van Amerongen Angela M. Bosco-Lauth Hannah Romo Varsha D. Sewbalaksing Richard A. Bowen Albert D.M.E. Osterhaus Penelope Koraka Byron E.E. Martina 《Emerging infectious diseases》2015,21(8):1357-1365
West Nile virus (WNV) outbreaks in North America have been characterized by substantial die-offs of American crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos). In contrast, a low incidence of bird deaths has been observed during WNV epidemic activity in Europe. To examine the susceptibility of the western European counterpart of American crows, we inoculated carrion crows (Corvus corone) with WNV strains isolated in Greece (Gr-10), Italy (FIN and Ita09), and Hungary (578/10) and with the highly virulent North American genotype strain (NY99). We also inoculated American crows with a selection of these strains to examine the strains’ virulence in a highly susceptible bird species. Infection with all strains, except WNV FIN, resulted in high rates of death and high-level viremia in both bird species and virus dissemination to several organs. These results suggest that carrion crows are highly susceptible to WNV and may potentially be useful as part of dead bird surveillance for early warning of WNV activity in Europe. 相似文献
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The Consumer Quality Index in an accident and emergency department: internal consistency,validity and discriminative capacity 下载免费PDF全文
Nanne Bos PhD Leontien M. Sturms PhD Rebecca K. Stellato MSc Augustinus J.P. Schrijvers PhD Henk F. van Stel PhD 《Health expectations》2015,18(5):1426-1438